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FacebookばかりでAmebaにもとリクエストがあり、投稿しました。
Myanmarでは
Myanmarでの不動産賃貸契約のサンプル
Requestに応じ、Myanmarの不動産賃貸契約のサンプル
Myanmar語を英語に翻訳するのも一苦労です。
不動産は2年前に契約したが、現在では当時の2倍が相場の様です。賃貸は非常に高いです。外国人は土地所有が不可。
敷地は約300坪 二階建
2階は5室 とキッチン、バスルーム、トイレ 1階は4室と事務所、キッチン、バスルーム、トイレ他
契約内容（一部省略）
REVENUE STAMP
DEED OF LEASE
This agreement is made on the 31st of July 2013, between Daw xxx xxxx, wwww(N) ddd
小型太陽光発電基本概念
1-2 When
you learn the solar power technology
（1） Overview of the solar systemThere are three
cases of connection in the solar power generation that ①
the case of operating alone, ② the case of power distribution in the
circumference and ③ the case of external commercial power. If
you ar
ミャンマーにおける電気技術者の基礎教本（太陽光発電を含む）
ミャンマーで技術者に基礎教育を！
電気関連基礎教育教本（PVを含む）全５１０ページ英語版を完成しました。
一部を紹介します。（写真や表などすべてを掲載する事が出来ません。）
1-6 Battery
At beginning
About the battery
Battery is a means of obtaining a wonderfully simple effective energy.
On the other hand, electricity is indispensable to modern life. There is almost
no life without ele
１年半前からミャンマー暮らし
ミャンマー事情
１年半前、急きょミャンマーに行くことになりました。
ミャンマーはビザが必要です。
それらの準備と出国に際する整理など３ヶ月は掛りました。
そんな折り、ミャンマーでAmebaのブログをUPしようと思いチャレンジしました。
しかし、ミャンマーは停電が頻繁に起こります。
通信インフラが劣悪です。
日本の様に何事もスムースにいきません。
ワイファイが唯一の通信手段です。
帯域幅が狭いので、いつもパンク状態です。
それやこれやでまともにブログを継続する事ができませんでした。
又、IDやPWにも問題が生じて止む無く断念し、友人の誘いでFacebookを始めました。
Facebookは友
FacebookばかりでAmebaにもと投稿しました。
Myanmar語を英語に翻訳するのも一苦労です。
不動産は2年前に契約したが、現在では当時の2倍が相場の様です。賃貸は非常に高いです。外国人は土地所有が不可。
敷地は約300坪 二階建
2階は5室 とキッチン、バスルーム、トイレ 1階は4室と事務所、キッチン、バスルーム、トイレ他
契約内容（一部省略）
REVENUE STAMP
DEED OF LEASE
This agreement is made on the 31st of July 2013, between Daw xxx xxxx, wwww(N) ddddd residing at No. 1, 1st Street, Hlaing Yadanarmon Housing, Hlaing Township, Yangon, Myanmar hereinafter called the AAAA (Which expression shall where the context so admits include the said xxx xxxx,wwww. her legal representative and assignees) on the one part and Mr. Tatsuo Kitamura hereinafter called as the さささ which expression where the context so admits include his successor and assignees) of the other part.
Where as the あああ agrees to take on Lease the premises together with its compound known as No.○○○, Parami Road, Mayangone Township, Yangon, Myanmar, for a period of @@@@ YEAR subject to the covenants, terms and conditions stipulated as below:-
(1) That the あああ shall commence on the 15th August 2013 and shall remain in force for a period of one year, ending with the date 14th August 2014.
(2) That the さささ shall pay the rent at the rate of Kyat 0,000,000 per month.
(3) To pay one year’s rent in advance by 25 August 2013, that is to say, on or before the execution of there presents the あああ shall pay to the さささ the sum of Kyat 00,000,000 been rent for one year commencing 15th August 2013 and ending 14th August 2014.
(4) The さささ shall pay the sum of Kyat 0,000,000 as a deposit to pay unsettled utility bills at the termination or expiration of the lease. The remaining part of deposit after settlement of the said utility bills shall be refunded to the あああ by the さささ.
COVENANTS WITH THE LESSEE
(5) Not to use the demised premises for illegal activities which are against the Law of The Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
(6) To pay for all public utilities serving the demised premises such as light, power, telephone, water and conservancy taxes.
(7) To undertake the repairs, refitting or replacing on all such damages caused by any means during his occupations at his own expense.
(8) To carry out all alterations additions and improvements required by the さささ at his own expense.
(9) To keep the premise outhouses and compound in clean, tidy and orderly condition.
(10) To permit the あああ or his agent to enter the leased premise at the convenient hours of the day for the purpose of viewing and examining the condition of the premises.
(11) Not to lease or sub-lease the said premises nor to transfer or assign the あああ without the prior consent in writing of the さささ.
(12) To duly pay to the さささ the rent in the manner herein before appointed.
(13) To maintain the premises in good and habitable condition during the terms hereby reserved.
(14) To deliver up to the さささ possession of the demised premises in as good condition as they were at the commencement of the あああ at the expiration or termination of the lease as per terms hereby reserved.
(15) Not to make any alterations or additions to the said premises without the prior consent of the さささ. Any fixture of fittings installed by the あああ before the terms of the lease may not be removed by the さささ at the time of termination of the あああ.
(16) To give vacant possession of the さささ premises to the あああ upon expiration to termination of the さささ
REVENUE STAMP
COVENANTS WITH THE さささ
(17) To pay all municipal, district and or central government taxes and any other taxes or assessments of a public nature of hereinafter levied upon the demised premises.
(18) To maintain and keep the roof, main watt and structure of the demised premises in good order as to be in habitable order, including water supply etc; and painting etc; at the discretion of the あああ, subject to the availability of the materials required.
(19) To permit the さささ at his own expense to make such temporary alteration, additions and improvements which do not affect or permanently change the structure of the premises, and attach such suitable fixtures and fitting as many be considered necessary for safeguarding the health, comfort and convenience of the occupants; provided that all such alterations, fixtures, fittings, and temporary additions and improvements do not cause damages to the building and premises.
(20) The さささ should look check the safety of electrical installation system before occupation of the building and if there is any faulty installation the あああ will repair it at his/her own cost.
TERMINATION
If at any time after the acceptance of this lease:
(a) Any monies payable by the lessee hereunder is not paid when due and payable.
(b) The lessee breaches any of this lease or failure to paragraph (3) of the above.
(c) Without affecting any other provisions of this Agreement, the lessor shall entitle to terminate this Agreement.
(d) In the event of any termination of the agreement, the lessee shall surrender the premises immediately to the satisfaction of the lessor.
(e) Both the あああ and the さささ have the option to terminate the present Agreement by sending notice in written to the other party (30) thirty days in advance of the termination, of the remaining period of the あああ and the さささ shall forthwith return the demised premises to the あああ in accordance with paragraph (14) and (15) of this covenants.
In case the said premises or part thereof be destroyed by fire, earthquake, war or civil disturbance, the lease shall, in the case of total destruction or on being rendered unfit for further tenancy, immediately become null and void as the option of the あああ upon giving notice in writing to the さささ within 30 days after such casualty and so much of the rent paid in advance shall be refunded to the あああ in respect of the unexpired portion of the Lease. If the fire is ーー
caused due to the negligence of the さささ or the employee, the さささ shall have the right to claim damages.
In witness whereof parties here to sign and execute this Deed of Lease on the date and year first above mentioned.
Signed by : _______________________ Signed by : _______________________
LESSEE : _______________________ LESSOR : _______________________
NRC No. : _______________________ NRC No. : _______________________
WITNESS by: WITNESS by:
Signature : _______________________ Signature : _______________________
Name : _______________________ Name : _______________________
NRC No. : _______________________ NRC No. : _______________________
1-2 When
you learn the solar power technology
（1） Overview of the solar system
There are three
cases of connection in the solar power generation that ①
the case of operating alone, ② the case of power distribution in the
circumference and ③ the case of external commercial power. If
you are connected to ③ external commercial power, both of the
case of the sale of electricity by transmission and the case of buying the
commercial power from the outside are made.
（2） Peak shift1） Peak of the use of housing
It is different to
home usage appliances. But in Japan today, TV, PC, refrigerators, washing
machines, vacuum cleaners, air conditioners, etc. are in the popular condition
in general, and the peak time of home power consumption concentrates in the
morning and the night.
2） Peak electric use of general
The peak time
of general consumption will concentrate during the day. You
can lower the total power generation capacity if you reduce the entire peak
time. It becomes possible to shift the entire peak of electric power sales at
the solar power generation is peak time in the day.
3） Use time shift
In the case of
operating alone, peak shift is required to charge the battery at the times when
the sun is hitting and use by discharging at night because it is a region
without electricity.
（3） Necessary equipments and functions
Let’s
remember each device and those roles.
1） Solar cell array ：solar
cell group attached in the frame mechanically and
electrically to the plurality of solar cell modules.
2） Solar cell module：panel that convert
the solar energy to direct electrical energy
(DC).
3） Solar cell frame ：frame
for mounting the solar cell modules.
There is many that the coated steel sheets
and aluminum alloy in general.
4） Connection box ：Box
for bringing together wires from the solar cell module
which is connected to each block.
It has a built-in blocking diode for electricity to
prevent reverse flow in solar cell, in addition lighting protection and switch
to be used for such as inspection and maintenance time of solar cell.
There is also
integrated with the power conditioner.
There is also a
case that installed the sensor of string monitoring.
5） Power conditioner：It
is converted into AC power with together controlling to be the maximum draw-out the DC power generated from solar cell.
It is usually built-in the interconnection
protection device to prevent the distribution line effects from the power
supplier.
Some are equipped
with the isolated operation function.
Some are at the
same time to control of storage battery.
6） Collector box ：The box is collected
to the DC if the module is large amount and is collected to the AC if the power
conditioner is plural.
7） Distribution box ：It is that power is distributed to the
electric load within the building.
It becomes interconnection point between the external
electric power system and the output of power conditioner.
The circuit breaker for solar power system
is needed.
8） Transformation equipment：Pressure up and
transmit the power by matching to the power supplier.
9） Watt-hour meter：Power meter for
measuring the excess power amount in the case of doing electricity sales to the
power suppliers.
10） Storage battery：It can be used in
the event of disaster or when the external power is failure or when want to use
the power at the night which is collected such as power generated the day time.
Moreover, peak cut of day time is also possible.
11） Delta collection device：It is a device for
recording, collection data of power generation amount, and there is many
utilizing such as computer in general.
There also be recorded to measure the
temperature, wind speed and solar radiation.
The next chance.
ミャンマーで技術者に基礎教育を！
電気関連基礎教育教本（PVを含む）全５１０ページ英語版を完成しました。
一部を紹介します。（写真や表などすべてを掲載する事が出来ません。）
1-6 Battery
At beginning
About the battery
Battery is a means of obtaining a wonderfully simple effective energy.
On the other hand, electricity is indispensable to modern life. There is almost
no life without electricity. However, there is a risk of power failure on the other
hand modern society. We don’t know that when power outage will occur. So, it
will be needed to keep in preparation for the event of power failure in a variety
of situation. We use the electricity always in such homes and factories. When
you are in a state where there is no electricity in a place like this, it is a
situation that anything can’t be so, I think you well underst and that the
importance of electricity. Idea that done store electricity in case of emergency
was born. It is called that the battery of the battery treasure electrical.
Battery has attracted attention in recent years. Therefore, it is important that
have to learn in detail the storage battery which is essential for solar power generation.
Firstly, I will explain about the basic knowledge of battery. I think that the
opportunity to learn and think more information about battery in the everyday life is less.
So, you learn the basic of storage battery firmly. As the basic knowledge of
storage battery, what is the storage battery, where you use the battery, will
learn the benefits also that you use the battery. When you know the basic
knowledge of these, it will be useful if you have to install a battery. Firstly, I
will explain that what is storage battery. It may not be distinguished between
the storage battery and ordinary batteries.
It is essential to understand the nature and characteristics of the storage
battery when introducing the storage battery. You can know such as the
characteristics of the storage battery when making a comparison of the storage battery.
There are differences in price and performance in the storage battery. It is one
of the techniques for introducing the storage battery in a state of the home to be used.
Therefore, please study well.
1. Contents of Battery
2. Battery is...
3. History of the battery
4. Cell
5. Ion and Electromotive force
6. System of discharge reaction
7. System of charge reaction
8. Storage battery is...
9. What kind of place it being used?
10. Advantage of the storage battery
11. Learn the behavior of the specific lead-acid battery
12. What should to do battery of high voltage?
13. Reaction of new battery
14. Capability of the battery
15. Battery capability evaluation
16. Physical verification
17. Classification of battery
18. Characteristics of the lithium cell
19. Does fuel cell overtake the lithium-ion battery?
20. Charging method
21. View of the discharge characteristic curve
22. Charge-discharge cycle characteristic
23. With respect to the performance of battery
24. Cell balance
25. Protection circuit
26. Stop the charging of overcharge
27. Stop the discharging of over discharge
28. Stop of large current discharge of external short circuit, etc.
29. Remaining amount management
30. Safety standard
31. Export Trade Control Order
32. Problem at the transportation time
33. Recovery of the battery
34. Power capacity calculation of the built-in battery
35. Custom battery pack
36. Custom battery (2)
37. Battery allotted time calculation method
38. The principle of solar cell is essential to solar power generation
1.Battery is
Battery is what the certain energy turn to the electrical energy directly.
It is created a flow of electrons by a change in the certain energy because
electrical energy creates the flow of electrons.
It can be compared to the action of pump for pumping up in a high position to
electrons using the “certain energy” function of the battery. It is to discharge
(do the work) the energy of electricity which got from “certain energy” when
these electrons return to original positions.
Baghdad battery
Magic porcelain container that found to have been made about 2000 years ago
had been discovered near Baghdad in 1836.
There is a cylinder made of the copper plate to the inside of the container,
horizontal bar and cylinder have been insulated with lid made of asphalt and
iron bar penetrates the lid. Corning of Germany reported that will be battery
and it put the electrolyte in a container of this pottery in 1940. This is said that
the Baghdad battery.
2.History of Battery
The history of battery is the substantial beginning of experiments of frog legs
of galvanic. Volta read this paper and discovered the electricity (the principle of
battery) generated between the different metal, and he was invented the voltaic
battery in 1800. Research of electricity proceeds rapidly since that the power
source can supply current constantly by this battery is secured. In addition,
applying attempt is also initiated in communication and electrolysis, and
Daniel cell have been developed practically by Daniel in 1836. Experiments of
telegraph using Morse code was successful in 1838, and battery came to be used
as power source for telegraph. We used to seek more advanced, and so full-scale
learning of battery is performed here.
Incandescent light bulb was invented by Edison in 1879. Since the alternator
has come to be employed as a power source for electric lights required power of
the large capacity in order to light the lamp to each home, a battery as a power
source had no longer much attention. However, in recent years, it has become
like that the new battery (lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells and solar cell, etc.) is
noted to accommodate the movement for realization of the electric vehicle
which is friendly environment and rapid spread of portable electronic devices
such as mobile phones.
3.Cell
Although the unit cell is called “the cell” in general and it is called “the battery”
that connecting a plurality, both are called “the battery” in Japan.
Battery
Benjamin Franklin expressed in terms of the battery thing that connects some
of the Leyden jars at the beginning of 1748.
4.Ion and Electromotive force
The cell consists of an electrolyte and two types of metals. These two types of
metals are that the one is soluble metal in the electrolyte solution and the other
one is slightly soluble in the electrolyte solution. It can be said that electrolyte
solution is the liquid to dissolve the metal. One yen coin is soluble metal and
ten yen coin is slightly soluble metal in the battery of one yen coin and ten yen
coin.
So, let’s learn that the metal is easily dissolved in the electrolyte. Material
consists of atoms. Metal is also a collection of atoms, and this is a condition in
which the negative charge of an electron and a positive charge in the nucleus
are balanced. This is a condition known as ions dissolved in the electrolyte.
For the positive charge of the nucleus, the ion in the negative charge of an
electron is small and it is referred to as positive ion precisely. There is also a lot
of negative ion charge on the contrary and it is referred to as negative ion.
Because there is many that positive ions are subject of reaction in the battery,
positive ion is referred as ion simply in this book. It is possible to generate
electricity in order to produce electrons at the same time when the metal are
dissolved in electrolyte solution and become ions condition
Soluble metal is that of metal which leads to ions easily, and this prone to ion is
called “ionization tendency”. The prone to ion is determined by the electrolyte
and the metal. Ionization tendency can be expressed numerically as the
Metal and Ion Source: EDN Japan.com
“electrode potential”. Being large ionization tendency is that the electrode
potential is more negative. So, the difference between the electrode potential of
the two metals, there is voltage of the battery is determined by the difference
between the ease of solution, and this is called the “electromotive force”. It is
possible to make the high voltage battery if make a battery with more soluble
metal and more slightly soluble metal.
5.System of discharge reaction
Discharge reaction of the battery is thought by the Daniel cell using a metal of
copper and zinc.
Firstly, when soluble metal (zinc) in the electrolyte is immersed in the
electrolyte, the zinc is dissolved in the electrolyte solution and becomes ionic
condition. Because positive ion is the condition that is less electrons, the excess
of electrons becomes. If there is no escape of excess electrons, the reaction
would stop immediately. But, if connected to the wire and positive electrode, it
becomes that electrons flow to the positive electrode through the wire.
On the other hand, flowed electrons and ions located around the electrode are
connected and the reaction back to the atomic occurs in the positive electrode.
Then, copper ions are present around the electrode, and it becomes a metal
combined with electrons.
Ionization tendency and electrode potential
Source: EDN Japan.com
In the Daniel cell, copper was separated out because there is a copper ion
around the positive electrode. But in the Voltaic cell, hydrogen gas is generated
because there is only hydrogen ion. For hydrogen gas (hydrogen molecules) is
also a collection of atoms, it is the similar reaction. Thus, metallic melt is that
gas penetrate, also, precipitated metal will be the same meaning as that gas is
generated.
6.System of charge reaction
When discharge the battery in the negative pole, metal of the electrode
disappeared gradually because a certain soluble metal become melting, and
there cannot longer be reactive when metal all melt.
Although the only option is to replace the battery here in the primary battery,
it is possible to restore the original state by charging in the secondary battery.
It conducts current in the opposite direction in order to undo. Then, it becomes
ion by melting metal in the positive electrode, and ion is separated out forming
of metal in the negative electrode.
Because positive electrode is slightly soluble metal and negative electrode is
soluble metal in here, it must be caused the reaction that does not occur
naturally, as like to melt the slightly soluble metal and undo to origin the
soluble metal. Thus, there is required the suitable energy to charge in order to
flow the current by force.
Source: EDN Japan.com
System of discharge reaction
7.Storange Battery is...
Modern society is the society that cannot do anything if there is no electricity.
Use the electricity in whatever you do. Everyone, please try once to think about
our own lives. I think to be able to realize that you are using electricity in most
situations. Situation where there is no electricity in the society like this will
become a big problem. So, it becomes a time to think about the preventing a
power failure (electricity cutoff) in what way in recent years. In the situation
that power failure are every day affair in Myanmar unfortunately, it is branded
to be a self-defense or “power failure is natural” in become chronic. So, there are
countermeasures of power failure that can be on our own. In a nutshell, it
would be nice if accumulate electricity to prepare for power failure. There is
where it is active that is the battery. You will continue to learn firmly here the
basic knowledge of the storage battery. First, you will learn in this textbook
about what is the battery. It is not to proceed if you do not understand the
storage battery is what. People concerned with battery learn well because it is
what you want to know certainly.
But, electricity cannot be accumulated easily. Aethough savings can be easily
visible things such as food and water, electricity is different. So, there is able to
accumulate the electricity for the first time in taking advantage of the
dedicated tools. I think that the battery which is many around everyone.
Ordinary battery is the end of it when you use once. Because capacity is decided
to ordinary batteries, it is the end of it used up its capacity. These batteries are
called the primary batteries. Usually, I think that we often image that of the
primary battery in the case we call "battery". Well, it may be able to use more
than once in some of battery. The accumulator keep electricity in these
batteries, it can use the electricity the later. It is the container of the electric if
it is called easily. These batteries are called the secondary batteries, and it is
Source: EDN Japan.com
System of charge reaction
called as “battery” which has large capacity especially in recent years. It is
possible to be prepared for power outages (failure) when use the storage battery
and to be accumulated the electricity.
The storage battery keeps the electricity by accumulating, and it is a battery
which can be taken out electricity when necessary. It is made of special
material because it is battery that has these special features. In the case of
storage battery, it will be to use such as metal, lithium-ion, lead and nickel.
Especially, storage battery has attracted attention in recent year is the
lithium-ion battery. In this storage battery, accumulating efficiency is higher
than storage battery up to it. So, it will be to use the lithium-ion battery in
many cases the electrical equipment of recent. I think that there are many
cases which lithium-ion battery is also included among the equipment that
everyone is using. So, although you may not have the awareness, it is that
there is a lot of storage battery around already. In the other words, storage
battery can be said to be a [familiar battery] for us.
Storage battery is also the battery that has economical effect if you utilize well
it. Power companies (in Japan) = Ministry of Power (in Myanmar) have cheaper
electricity rates at night. So, you will be able to use the cheap electricity during
the day if you collected cheap electricity in the storage battery at night. Then,
electricity bill will be cheaper as a whole. Please do to understand with the
basic as like this. In Myanmar to develop the future, I think to be the
knowledge that may be useful in the case of setup to storage battery.
8.What kind of place it being used?
It is convenien to know where the storage batteries are used in the case of
considering the installation of a storage battery. Storage battery has been used
in many places in current situation. It will be good reference when everyone
has to setup a storage battery you know this technology. You will learn utilizing
places of storage battery in this text. I think that it will be wanted because it is
very important basic knowledge. There are two parts by dividing largely where
storage battery is used. Storage battery is utilized in places such as household,
industry and industrial facilities. I would like to deepen your understanding by
standing carefully because I will explain to all of you clearly respect to such
technology.
Utilization of storage battery has started in place of households in recent
years. Japan relies on imports for most of the energy. It may be OK in the
normal time, but this state will be dangerous when it comes to emergency
situations. There is also a risk that cannot be a smooth supply of electricity to
such as in the case of disaster. It is necessary to devise in order to prepare
yourself in this situation. Device that can be at home is to setup a storage
battery. Places where the storage battery can be utilized at home are the local
scenes and the overall scenes. The storage battery covered the whole home in
the overall scenes. This storage battery covered all of electric appliances of the
home. I think that it is safe even if there have power failure (outage) when
setup as like storage battery. If there is no electricity, it will stop work
immediately in a refrigerator. Ingredients within the refrigerator spoil
immediately, so storage battery of these household will wield its’ power. And,
there is storage battery that is utilized in the local scenes. It is a personal
computer that is popular in many homes, but there is a weak nature when
power failure occurs suddenly. So, there have preparation to a battery of PC in
a case to be carefully and saving of data.
And, storage battery can be used in the scene of industry and industrial. For
example, storage battery is active in the scene of medical care such as hospital.
There will be serious situation concerned with the life of patient when occur the
power failure in such as hospital. I think it is worst when a power failure
during operation. Perhaps the patient's life is not saved. Therefore, the storage
battery is active in such as hospital. It is all right even a sudden power failure if
you setup the storage battery. I think that electricity to be used in such surgery
can be covered by the storage battery. It is essential to keep doing these
measures and efforts. Moreover, setup of the storage battery will still continue
to be in transportation. Vehicle using the battery has been developed in such as
small bus and train. There has a lot of attention of these vehicles because it
does not pollute the environment, such as air. And, it is safe because it can
transport the user even in the case of power outage.
If you consider like this, I think that you'll understand why the storage
battery has been setup in many places unexpectedly. The storage batteries are
becoming more popular than all of you imagine. Especially, spreading of the
storage battery to the households is a condition which is been progressing
gradually. I think that all of you also may consider the setup of the storage
battery when you buy a house new.
9.Advantage of the storage battery
It is also important to understand the storage battery’s benefits for know well of
it. There is no such thing as the setup of storage battery for no benefits
nothings. So, there will be essential to know the benefits of storage battery in
the case of all of you consider about with storage battery. I will explain the
benefits of setup a storage battery as a basic knowledge of the battery in this
text. I think everyone can understand the benefits of the storage battery, and
will be able to comprehend as a reality the battery more. Big advantage of
setup a storage battery is that you can access to electricity during a power
failure. Today's society is not true without electricity. There is doing the action
by using the electricity on many occasions. For example, electricity is also
required to make the water. Use the electricity to purify water clean. In
addition, the water pump will use the electricity in the case to be sent the water
to each household. Electricity will play an active part in various scenes like
this.
Many people will be trouble when become a power outage in case of emergency.
So, the storage battery is to play an active part. After you've setup the storage
battery, it is safe even if it becomes a power failure suddenly. Without relying
on electricity from the power company = Ministry of power, because it becomes
possible to operate the various instruments by electricity from in the storage
battery. Japan is a country with many natural disasters. Risk of power failure
occurs is greater when earthquakes and typhoons, heavy rain. It is possible to
provide for the power failure if there is a storage battery even in this condition.
There will be able to use electricity from storage battery because there is
electricity within it in prior. It may be said that a large benefit of the storage
battery is that can access to electricity even in an emergency.
In addition, the convenient benefit of storage battery is the point that you can
access to electricity at the place without the wires. For example, it may be
convenient to setup a storage battery in a vehicle to move. Installation of the
storage battery to the car is progressing in recent years. Battery is equipped for
electric vehicles and hybrid cars. So, if do charging among the battery, it is
possible that the vehicle is moving by using the electricity without wires.
Further, if installed a battery in the case of such as a railway, there will be able
to play an active part in the event of a disaster. Even if it becomes a power
outage in the event of a disaster, it can move a minimum when you use an
electric storage battery. There can carry passengers to a safe place when utilize
this storage battery.
There are many advantages to the storage battery as like. Where the battery
is active will go a lot more in the future. Everyone let's know the benefits in the
case of considering the storage battery. It can be a careful examination that it is
possible to consider a balance of cost when keep the benefits. Read this text
well, let's setup a storage battery that will help to ensure.
以上の内容を一部ご参照ください。（バッテリーについての教本内容一部 但し絵コンテ、写真は省略）
技術士（建設部門）北村達雄
Professional Engineer (Construction Sector)
Tatsuo Kitamura
１年半前、急きょミャンマーに行くことになりました。
ミャンマーはビザが必要です。
それらの準備と出国に際する整理など３ヶ月は掛りました。
そんな折り、ミャンマーでAmebaのブログをUPしようと思いチャレンジしました。
しかし、ミャンマーは停電が頻繁に起こります。
通信インフラが劣悪です。
日本の様に何事もスムースにいきません。
ワイファイが唯一の通信手段です。
帯域幅が狭いので、いつもパンク状態です。
それやこれやでまともにブログを継続する事ができませんでした。
又、IDやPWにも問題が生じて止む無く断念し、友人の誘いでFacebookを始めました。
Facebookは友達しか見れない状況です。
Facebookは何とか時間がかかりますが、深夜、早朝にUPすることが出来ました。
しかし、あれから１年半の時間が経過しました。
通信インフラも徐々に改善され、何とかブログをUP出来るようになり、やっと今日に至りました。
本日は記念すべき再開第１号です。
とりあえず、ミャンマーの状況をFacebookでご覧ください。
https://www.facebook.com/kitamura.tatsuo.9 です。
これから、Amebaブログの内容を検討します。
では、次回のブログを宜しくお願いします。 敬具 きたやん
再発予防「心筋梗塞について」検証
心筋梗塞の自覚症状
心筋梗塞の初期の自覚症状としては、胸がしめつけられるような感覚が多く見受けられ、胸が焼けつく感じを受ける場合も多く見られます。また首が回らないほどの重度の肩こりも、心筋梗塞に多い自覚症状として確認されています。
また鼻がつまる感じがする、やたらとゲップが出る、背中がこるといった症状も心筋梗塞の自覚症状といえる場合が多く、これらのような症状があらわれた場合は最大限の注意が必要になります。
心筋梗塞は狭心症の発作よりも痛みが強いのが特徴であり、３０分以上続く場合が多く見られるようです。心臓部に生じる激しい痛みや火で燃やされているかのような胸の熱い感覚、強い圧迫感や窒息感があるような場合は心筋梗塞の発作であるとまずは判断することが重要です。再発した場合、遅くとも発症１～２時間以内に病院に行くことです。その間、ニトロやミオコールスプレーなど舌下に吸収させ、冠血管を拡げるなど応急措置を取ることが大切です。
発熱や発汗が確認されることも多く見られますが、これらの症状があらわれた場合、すべて、心筋梗塞の再発を疑うことが重要です。とにかく痛みが３０分以上続き胸に強い圧迫感があり、冷や汗もでるなどといった場合は、心筋梗塞の再発の可能性が非常に高いと認識すべきです。
自覚症状がない場合でも、背中に鈍痛がある、胃のあたりがスッキリしない、シャックリが長く続くなど、異変としての症状があるといわれています。術後は定期的に医師の診察を受けることが重要であり、健康に留意して心筋梗塞再発の予防に努めることが重要です。
術後の対策
心筋梗塞は死亡率の高い疾病であり、約1割は1年以内に死亡する恐ろしい病気です。
心筋梗塞や狭心症などの心疾患は全死因の第2位にあたり、１０年前の統計では心疾患による死亡数は、全死因の約15％を占める約14万7千人となっています。
心筋梗塞はとりわけ狭心症、心室性不整脈、心不全を抱える人が発症するケースが多く、
高血圧の場合には死に至るケースが多く見られ、3～4カ月以内に再発作が起こる確率が高いのが特徴となっています。
また心筋梗塞再発は、発作後の2～3日を切り抜けた場合は完全な回復を果たせる場合が多いのも特徴となっています。
狭心症、心室性不整脈、心不全は、心臓発作によって発症しますが、心筋梗塞の発作後に心臓が肥大してしまうと治療後の回復の困難さが増し、生活全般でのよりいっそうの注意が必要となってきます。また心筋梗塞再発では高齢になるほど死亡率が上昇し、心筋梗塞の発作による心不全などの合併症を起こす危険もより高まります。
１０年前の統計では、虚血性心疾患の死亡率は人口10万人あたり55.9人でとなっており、心筋梗塞や狭心症などの心疾患死亡率は、増加傾向にあることが指摘され、欧米諸国の数値に近づくことが強く懸念されています。
わが国は約48％となっていますが、アメリカは約67％、イギリスは約82％であり、心筋梗塞を招かない社会的な基盤を整備していくことが重要になってきます
心筋梗塞や狭心症は冠動脈の動脈硬化が根本原因です。適度な運動療法と食事療法で動脈硬化の進行を抑え、再発を予防することが重要となります。運動不足の人は心筋梗塞になりやすいことは確認されていますから、積極的に軽い運動を行いたいものです。
また精神的な問題も見過ごせない原因の一つです。仕事のやりすぎや社会生活で思い悩んだり、心配したり、泣いたり、根を詰めたり、不規則な生活や、喜怒哀楽、情緒不安定なども大敵であります。
激しい運動や忙しい仕事を急に始めることは、心臓病の患者にとっては危険な側面がありますが、安静にしすぎるのも健康維持にはマイナスとなる場合もあります。心筋梗塞の患者は精神的な安静が必要であり、激しい運動は厳禁となりますが、心筋梗塞の再発を防ぐ目的として過負荷にならない軽度な運動も重要であり、心臓の働きが優れない場合は、軽い運動に抑えることです。
大事なことは心電図や血圧チェックを欠かさず、医師や看護師による指導により運動療法を行うことです。危険な心臓発作や事故を防ぐのと同時に、心筋梗塞の危険因子である高血圧を防止することが重要です。
運動療法を中心としたリハビリは、不自由のない日常生活を送る上で重要になります。運動能力を高め、入院により損なわれた体力を回復させることを目的としますが、適切なリハビリは総コレステロール値を小さく、そして善玉コレステロール値を上昇させる作用があります。心筋梗塞や狭心症の発作も低減され、再発防止に大きく役立つことが確認されています。
高齢者の方の場合は、リハビリを怠ると寝たきりとなってしまう可能性があり、身体機能を保つうえでも、積極的にリハビリを行うことです。リハビリにより全身の機能を回復させ、健やかな日常生活を送れるように努めることが重要となります。
きたやん（osaka)
参考 心筋梗塞術後指導ほか（シアトルUW大学医学部病理学科ほか） 参考文献 治療ナビなど 他
私達が避けて通れない問題の一つであります。
話題の東南アジア諸国連合（ＡＳＥＡＮ）首脳会議が２０１１年１１月、インドネシア・バリ島であり、ＡＳＥＡＮに日中韓など６カ国が加わる「広域自由貿易圏」づくりを進めることで合意しました。
２０１３年以降の創設をめざす。日本の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉への参加方針に刺激を受けたＡＳＥＡＮが、中国を巻き込み、新たな枠組みを主導しようというお話です。
自由貿易圏づくりは２段階で行うようです。ＡＳＥＡＮは１２年１１月の首脳会議で、今後、開放するモノやサービスの分野、規制などのルールを決める方針です。
そのうえで日中韓、インド、豪州、ニュージーランドの６カ国に対して「招待状」を出し、入る意思があるかどうかを確認し、１３年以降、ＡＳＥＡＮ１０カ国に６カ国が加わる広域自由貿易圏をつくることを念頭に置いて推進されています。
ＩＭＦ（国際通貨基金）では、１６カ国の国内総生産の合計を１７兆２２６７億ドル（１３２６兆円、２０１０年）とし、世界経済に占める割合は２７％としました。
ＴＰＰに日本、メキシコ、カナダが加わったときの２４兆９０８２億ドル（１９１６兆円）に比べると総生産は小さいのですが、世界の成長センターであるアジア諸国を網羅する大経済圏となる広大な構想であります。
経済連携の枠組みづくりでアジアは、昨年８月に日中が作業部会を設けることを提案したようですが、ＡＳＥＡＮはすぐに設置することに難色を示したようです。
自由化を歓迎するシンガポールと、安い輸入品の流入を警戒するインドネシア等の国々で調整がつかなかったためと言われています。
他方、米国が主導するＴＰＰ交渉に日本が参加を表明すると、カナダやメキシコも合流。米国にアジアの主導権を奪われるのをおそれたＡＳＥＡＮは方針を変え、今回の合意に至ったと論じられています。
新興国が中心のＡＳＥＡＮの枠組みは、関税の原則撤廃をめざすＴＰＰよりは、関税撤廃の例外が認められやすく、加盟のハードルが低いとみられています。
日本は既にＡＳＥＡＮと経済連携協定（ＥＰＡ）を結び、企業の現地進出が進んでいます。
今後、中国やインドなどを加えた広域自由貿易圏ができれば、さらにアジアの成長を取り込みやすくなる利点があり、日本は積極的に参加する意向にベクトルが向いています。
落ち込んだ日本経済、内需拡大が望めない日本、東日本大震災の復興、福島の原発処理、日本がだめなら・・・・・・・
海外に目を向ける！今のところ打開策が見いだせない状況で、内需では不穏な動きで、消費税増税や社会保険と税制一体改革や電気代の値上げなど政府や電力会社が迫っています。
一体、誰の責任で原発事故を起こしたのか、政府も電力会社も考えなければならないと思います。
なんでもかんでも国民に押し付け、まるで江戸時代の悪代官と悪商人のような気がして「お前も悪だなあ！はっはっは」とうそぶいた気味悪い声が聞こえそうです。
政府は国民の利益のため米国オバマ大統領のように、TPPを御旗になりふり構わず戦略的に自国の利益のため取り組んでおります。
我現政府も落ち込んだ経済を立て直すため、海外に目を向け、国民からむしりとるのではなく、外国で稼げる経済システムを早急に構築し、マニフェストも紙に描いた餅ではありました。
政権交代する手段の一つと受け止め、いい加減に議員や官僚も目をさまし、国民のためになる制作を速攻的に、アイディアを立案しマンネリ化した常連者委員会をぼこぼこ設立して、責任転嫁するシステムではなく、勇気ある新鮮でイエスマンでない議員、官僚、国民、学者がこぞって参集する。
「落ち込んだ経済を立ち直らせる委員会」を設立し、果敢に挑んで戴きたいと私は願っています。
とにかく、ユーロやドルが危険な状況ですが、日本国内でうずくまっても物事が解決しません。今は海外で稼ぐしかない状況です。
国民を稼がせる集団にするのも政府の仕事です。その結果、税収を上げるだのと論ずるのが先セオリーではないでしょうか。
何回も言いますが、ここ当分は内需拡大はあり得ません。海外に出向いて戦略ビジネスを展開しなければ日本の存在価値はありません。
新しい風がそのための出来、新しい方法で、この難局を乗り切らなければ、かつて経験のない大恐慌がやってきて壊滅的に我が国を飲み込んでしまい、沈没してしまう恐ろしい事態が待ち受けています。
無邪気な前例主義、官僚の石橋政策、良いシステムと自画自賛している間に大恐慌は恐ろしいスピードでやってきます。
規制を設けながら色々今まで政府官僚はやってきました。その結果現在に至りました。結論として言えることはその結果、誰も責任を取らない！！誰も罰せられない。誰も傷まない。そんなシステムがはびこり議員天国、役人天国、と言われています。
安心安全の原発神話、日本国を運営するシステムは完全に崩壊しました。一度リセットして早晩再構築する必要があります。
国民も目を覚まさなければならない時期です。このままでいいのですか！！
今なら間に合います。わが国民は盲目ではありません。
すべての方々は義務教育を受けられ、さらに高校、大学に進学されています。
日本国民は優しく、攻撃的でなく、島国の温室育ちであります。しかし、教養や知識は持ち合わせています。他人のためではなく、自分のためです。
今こそ数の原理で国民一丸となり政府を、官僚を叱咤激励しましょう。
具体策はこれから立案します。是非お立ち寄りください。きたやん（osaka)